Psychostimulant compounds are the most widely used medications for the management of ADHD symptoms in adults as well as children and adolescents. The trial usually begins with a low dose that is gradually increased at 3–7 day intervals until clinical benefits are achieved. Doctors will use a medication trial to figure out which medicine works best for each individual and at what dosage. Practitioners cannot know in advance what drug will work best for a particular patient without trying them. Both neurotransmitters appear to play a role in the attentional and behavioral symptoms of ADHD. The neurotransmitters involved are dopamine and norepinephrine. Medications that most effectively improve the core symptoms of ADHD seem primarily and directly to affect certain neurotransmitters (brain molecules that facilitate the transmission of messages from one neuron to another). Medication does not cure ADHD when effective, it eases ADHD symptoms during the time it is active.Thus, it is not like an antibiotic that may cure a bacterial infection, but more like eyeglasses that help to improve vision only during the time the eyeglasses are actually worn. Adults with ADHD may also frequently have other conditions such as depression or anxiety that may require additional treatment. However, medication improves attention and reduces impulsivity in adults who have been correctly diagnosed with ADHD. As a treatment of ADHD, it has been said that “pills do not substitute for skills.” This means that medication alone is not sufficient to help a person improve his or her problems in areas such as organization, time management, prioritizing and using cognitive aids. Although there is a significant amount of research on medication treatment for children with ADHD, much less controlled research data has been conducted on medication therapy in adults. Approximately 10 million adults have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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